Halting Tuberculosis (TB) Transmission (R01 Clinical Trial Optional) | RFA AI 24 049

Opportunity Information: Apply for RFA AI 24 049

Halting Tuberculosis (TB) Transmission (R01 Clinical Trial Optional) is a discretionary grant opportunity from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) focused on reducing TB spread in places where TB burden is high. The core goal is to improve understanding of what actually drives TB transmission at both the individual level (for example, characteristics of an infectious person, their biology, symptoms, and behaviors) and the population level (for example, how transmission is shaped by households, workplaces, schools, clinics, community settings, crowding, ventilation, and local health system factors). The NOFO emphasizes that better control depends on getting more precise about when, where, and why transmission happens, rather than relying on indirect assumptions.

A central theme is improving how TB transmission is measured. The NOFO calls for developing or refining methods to estimate transmission rates that are grounded in a clearer biomedical understanding of infectiousness and the risk factors that increase or decrease the chance of spread. In practical terms, that can include research that links biological markers, clinical features, and environmental conditions to real-world transmission, and that tests approaches to detect infectious TB earlier and more reliably. The intent is to move measurement closer to the true mechanisms of transmission, which can make surveillance and program decisions more accurate and timely.

The opportunity also supports evaluating interventions aimed at preventing transmission and detecting infectious TB, including options described as low-cost and low-tech. This point is important because many high-burden settings face resource constraints, so interventions that are simpler, affordable, and scalable can have outsized impact. Projects may assess tools or strategies that reduce exposure risk, shorten the time from infectiousness to diagnosis, or improve identification of those most likely to transmit, while still being feasible in real-world health systems. Since the mechanism is R01, the expectation is for well-justified, hypothesis-driven research with strong study design, and the "Clinical Trial Optional" label indicates applicants may propose clinical trials but are not required to do so.

Eligibility is broad and includes many types of U.S. and non-U.S. organizations. Eligible applicants listed include state, county, and city or township governments; special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled institutions of higher education; private institutions of higher education; federally recognized Native American tribal governments; tribal organizations that are not federally recognized governments; public housing authorities and Indian housing authorities; nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status (excluding higher education institutions when applicable); for-profit organizations other than small businesses; small businesses; and other entities. The NOFO explicitly notes additional eligible applicants such as Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs), Hispanic-serving Institutions, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), faith-based or community-based organizations, eligible federal agencies, non-domestic (non-U.S.) entities (foreign organizations), regional organizations, Indian/Native American tribal governments other than federally recognized, and U.S. territories or possessions. This range signals an interest in multi-sector and international collaboration, which often matters for TB transmission research in high-burden contexts.

Key administrative details include the funding opportunity number RFA AI 24 049 and CFDA number 93.855, under the NIH health funding activity category. The application closing date is listed as 2024-12-04, and the award ceiling is $750,000. The opportunity was created on 2024-07-17. While the expected number of awards is not specified in the provided data, the ceiling suggests NIH is looking for substantial, focused projects that can generate actionable evidence on transmission dynamics, measurement approaches, and practical interventions to help halt the spread of TB.

• The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Halting Tuberculosis (TB) Transmission (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)" and is now available to receive applicants.
• Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.855.
• This funding opportunity was created on 2024-07-17.
• Applicants must submit their applications by 2024-12-04. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
• Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $750,000.00 in funding.
• Eligible applicants include: State governments, County governments, City or township governments, Special district governments, Independent school districts, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized), Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher education, For-profit organizations other than small businesses, Small businesses, Others.

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